Русский
The comparative clinical characteristics of Astrakhan spotted fever and Crimean hemorrhagic fever in the Astrakhan Region
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2022.12.2.42-9
Ugleva S.V., Akimkin V.G., Ponezheva Zh.B., Vasilkova V.V., Shabalina S.V.
1) Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; 2) Astrakhan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Astrakhan, Russia
Materials and methods. The incidence of ASF and CHF in 2000–2016 was analyzed. There were 3951 cases of ASF and 151 cases of CHF. The investigators used the data available in the primary accounting documents (Forms No. 058/y and No. 060/y) and in the schedules for epidemiological examination of the focus of an infectious disease (Registration Form No. 357/y) and results of epizootological surveys made in 11 districts of the Astrakhan Region, in the city of Astrakhan, and in the hospitals for the long-term monitoring of the foci.
Results. ASF and CHF were found to share common characteristics: the same transmission mechanisms, vectors, seasonality, and the similar disease onset. The main difference between ASF and CHF was in the severity of their course: if no severe cases of the disease were detected in ASF, severe CHF was observed in 30% of cases, while there was rather often hemorrhagic syndrome (up to 90%) and other serious complications.
Conclusion. The comparative clinical analysis of the course of two vector-borne infections (ASF and CHF) in the Astrakhan Region has shown that these infections share common characteristics: a vector-borne transmission route; infection of people who stay in the suburban areas and come into contact with ticks; spring and summer seasonality; and the onset of the disease. However, there are serious differences due to the fact that the CHF virus is more contagious and the disease is much more severe than ASF and is accompanied by massive internal bleeding and complications involving all organs and systems of the patient.
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About the Autors
Svetlana V. Ugleva, MD, Associate Professor, Consultant, Organizational and Guidance department, Administrative and Managerial Subdivision, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; uglevas@bk.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1322-0155
Professor, Vasily G. Akimkin, MD, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; vgakimkin@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044
Zhanna B. Ponezheva, MD, Head, Clinical Department of Infectious Pathology, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; doktorim@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6539-4878
Vera V. Vasilkova, Cand. Med. Sci., Head, Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Astrakhan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Astrakhan, Russia; vasilkova.ver@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7539-1910
Professor Svetlana V. Shabalina, MD, Leading Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; +7 (906) 743-48-64; svs2810@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7102-5414
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