Русский
Seroepidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in some areas of Central Federal District of Russia
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2018.4.17-23
Asratyan A.A., Sipacheva N.B., Gotvyanskaya T.P., Ivanova M.Yu., Semenenko T.A.
1 Honored Academician N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; 2 I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Objective. To assess the epidemiological and serological characteristics of HA in some areas of the Russian Federation at the present stage.
Materials and methods. The incidence of HA in the Federal Districts (FD) of the Russian Federation was analyzed. The epidemic situation in 6 (Moscow, Belgorod, Kaluga, Lipetsk, Tambov, and Tver) Regions of the Central FD was studied in detail; herd immunity was investigated in different population groups of these regions. The findings were statistically processed.
Results. The incidence of HA was found to have tended to decline among the population as a whole in the Russian Federation over the past 8 years. At the same time, the incidence rate in the North Caucasus, Ural and Siberian FDs exceeded the mean Russian rate by 2.5, 1.3 and 1.2 times, respectively. In the 6 regions of the Central FD, the mean annual HA rate was mainly higher than the mean district rate, but lower than that in the Russian Federation as a whole. The Kaluga Region is HA unfavorable, which is consistent with the high detection rate of anti-HA virus antibodies in this territory. The minimum HA morbidity rates were established in the Lipetsk Region, which corresponded to the results of a serological screening. Information on the recorded incidence of infectious disease does not always provide a clear picture of the true spread of infection. The serological studies showed that the Tver Region occupied the second place in the detection rate of anti-HA virus antibodies of the IgG class among the population (84.5%), while it ranked third by morbidity rates.
Conclusion. The incidence of HA among the population as a whole of the Russian Federation, and in the Central FD tends to decrease, which causes a decline in herd immunity (mainly in the adult population) and in combination with a low level of community-level improvements in certain areas can lead to the higher incidence of HA.
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About the Autors
Prof. Аrpik A. Asratyan, MD, Leading Researcher, Honored Academician N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor, Department of Epidemiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: zasratyan@yahoo.com; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-7561
Natalia B. Sipacheva, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Honored Academician N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; e-mail sipacheva@gamaleya.org; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-2885
Tatiana P. Gotvyanskaya, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Honored Academician N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; e-mail gotvian@gamaleya.org; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-2666
Marina Yu. Ivanova, Cand. Med. Sci., Associate Professor, Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: ivanova_m_y@mail.ru; ORCID: 0000-0002-7696-9809
Prof. Tatiana A. Semenenko, MD, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Head, Department of Epidemiology, Honored Academician N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of Russia; Professor, Department of Epidemiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: semenenko@gamaleya.org; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6686-9011
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