Analysis of risk factors for non-adherence to follow-up and treatment for HIV infection: assessment of readiness to follow specialists’ recommendations


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2021.11.3.63-8

elyaeva V.V., Kozyrina N.V., Sokolova E.V., Semikova S.Yu., Galiullin N.I., Lebedeva E.P., Beshimov A.T., Khoraskina E.A., Narkevich A.N., Gavrilova O.V., Suvorova Z.K., Khokhlova O.N.

1) Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; 2) Leningrad Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Communicable Diseases, Saint Petersburg, Russia; 3) Republican Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia; 4) Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Objective. To analyze factors that can lead to non-adherence to follow-up and treatment, as well as the readiness of patients to visit specialists and to be treated for HIV infection.
Subjects and methods. The investigation was conducted using the questionnaire method. Group 1 included 166 HIV-infected patients (91 men and 75 women) who were followed up in the Leningrad Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Communicable Diseases. Group 2 consisted of 161 patients (84 men and 77 women) living with HIV who were followed up in the Republican Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan. The median age in both groups was 39.0 [34; 45] years.
Results. The risks of non-adherence were reported by 54.8% and 55.8% of the respondents in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. The risks associated with work were most significant in both groups (36.2 and 34.5% of the responses). The risks caused by the organizational features of providing care for HIV infection were more often called in Group 1 (p = 0.005); forgetfulness was in Group 2 (p = 0.006). An analysis of the self-assessment of readiness to regularly visit a physician and to take antiretroviral therapy (ART) indicated that in Group 1, the median score was 9.5; 81.3% of the respondents stated their high readiness (more than 8 scores). In Group 2, the median score was 9.0; 91.9% of the respondents showed their high readiness.
Conclusion. The risks usually associated directly with the convenience of taking ART and its tolerability seem to manifest themselves indirectly through the compliance of the follow-up and disease treatment regimens with lifestyle and labor activity. Each case of detecting the low indicators of patients’ readiness to visit a doctor and to take ART requires additional counseling, and the low readiness indicators themselves can be an indicator of risk in terms of maintaining adherence to follow-up and treatment for HIV infection.
Keywords: readiness to take ART, risks, adherence, HIV infection
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About the Autors

Valentina V. Belyaeva, МD, Leading Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; labora-et-ora@yandex.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4621-7892
Nadezhda V. Kozyrina, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; nad-kozyrina@yandex.ru; htpp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5134-0054
Ekaterina V. Sokolova, Cand. Med. Sci., Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; ekaterinasokolova007@rambler.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-8772
Svetlana Y. Semikova, Deputy Chief, AIDS Center of the Leningrad Region; semsvet@list.ru
Niyaz I. Galiullin, Cand. Med. Sci, Head Physician, AIDS Center of the Republic of Tatarstan; centre.spid@tatar.ru
Elena P. Lebedeva, Clinical Psychologist, AIDS Center of the Leningrad Region; elenalebedeva@list.ru.
Airat T. Beshimov, Cand. Med. Sci., Deputy Chief Physician, AIDS Center of the Republic of Tatarstan; Beshimov@rambler.ru
Elena А. Khoraskina, Physician of the polyclinic, AIDS Center of the Republic of Tatarstan; Al_horaskina @mail.ru
Artem N. Narkevich, Head, Department of Medical Cybernetics and Informatics; Head, Laboratory of Medical Cybernetics and Healthcare Management, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University; narkevichart@gmail.com; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1489-5058
Olga V. Gavrilova, Social Work Specialist, AIDS Center of the Leningrad Region; olga7519@bk.ru
Zoya К Suvorova, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; zksu@inbox.ru; https://orcid.org /0000-0003-4055-289X
Olga N. Khokhlova, Cand. Med. Sci., Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; x.olia79@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9736-4043.


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