Русский
Impact of antiretroviral therapy on the development of the HIV-infection epidemic in the Russian Federation
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2023.13.3.20-6
Sokolova E.V., Ladnaia N.N., Pokrovsky V.V., Kravchenko A.V., Kozyrina N.V., Yurin O.G., Chekryzhova D.G.
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia
Materials and methods. The data on the causes of deaths in patients with HIV infection, number of identified cases of HIV infection, deceased HIV-infected people, number of people living with HIV (PLHIV), PLHIV receiving ART, and ongoing virological monitoring of its effectiveness in the period 2006–2021 submitted by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation to the Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, were summarized and analyzed.
Results. ART coverage among PLHIV in Russia increased from 3.5% in 2006 to 60.9% in 2021. The proportion of PLHIV receiving modern treatment reached 50% in 2018–2020, and in the same period, there was a decrease in the number of newly registered cases of HIV infection, which, with the exclusion of other factors, may be attributable to the antiepidemic effect of the widespread use of ART. Throughout the follow-up period, the number of annually recorded deaths among the HIV-positive population continued to grow. The antiepidemic efficacy of ART, in addition to increasing the coverage of PLHIV with treatment, was positively influenced by the early prescription of ART to PLHIV under follow-up monitoring and the gradual improvement in monitoring the treatment effectiveness. The effectiveness of the widespread use of ART reduced due to the loss of a significant part of identified PLHIV (26.7% in 2021) from the field of view of health workers; incomplete (83.1%) treatment coverage of PLHIV under follow-up monitroring; treatment interruption by PLHIV who had previously started ART (16.6%); achievement of an undetectable level of viral load only in 81.1% of PLHIV after 6 months. treatment.
Conclusion. To increase the antiepidemic effectiveness of ART, it is advisable not only to diagnose HIV infection in the maximum proportion of PLHIV, but also to provide all patients with a full range of treatment and diagnostic measures.
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About the Autors
Ekaterina V. Sokolova, Cand. Med. Sci,, Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; ekaterinasokolova007@rambler.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-8772
Natalia N. Ladnaia, Cand. Biol. Sci., Senior Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; ladnaia@hotmail.com; ORCID iD 0000-0003-2994-151X
Professor Vadim V. Pokrovsky, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MD, Head, Specialized Research Department of Epidemiology and Prevention of AIDS,, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; pokrovsky.vad@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9514-7288; Scopus Author ID: 7202457043
Professor Alexey V. Kravchenko, МD, Leader Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; ealexey-kravtchenko@yandex.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7857-3763
Nadezhda V. Kozyrina, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; nad-kozyrina@yandex.ru; http://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5134-0054
Oleg G. Yurin, МD, Leading Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; oleg_gerald@mail.ru; htpp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1930-7486
Daria G. Chekryzhova, Epidemiologist, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; epid@hiv-russia.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0760-8257
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