Oropharyngeal microbiota in HIV infection: trends and problems in the epoch of antiretroviral therapy


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2020.10.1.98-106

Matuzkova A.N., Pshenichnaya N.Yu., Aleshukina A.V., Ryndich A.A., Suladze A.G., Tverdokhlebova T.I., Zhuravlev A.S., Dontsov D.V.

1) Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; 2) National Research Medical Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; 3) I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; 4) Rostov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Objective. To study the features of the oropharyngeal microbiota and systemic inflammation in HIV-infected patients during antiretroviral therapy (ART) and to assess the possibility of their correction with amino dihydrophthalazinedione sodium (ADPNa).
Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 100 HIV-infected patients who received ART. The concentration of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) was studied by ELISA. The composition of the oropharyngeal microbiota was determined on a VITEK-2 bacteriological analyzer by the compact disc diffusion method, as well as by mass spectrometry. The patients were randomized into 2 groups. In addition to standard ART, sublingual ADPNa tablets were prescribed for Group 1 patients. The efficiency of therapy was evaluated after 4 weeks according to the time course of changes in the concentration of LBP and in the composition of the oropharyngeal microflora.
Results. The vast majority of patients showed an overgrowth of opportunistic microorganisms, including Staphylococcus aureus and yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida. When an immunomodulator with an anti-inflammatory effect of ADPNa was added to standard ART, there was a more rapid decrease in the blood concentration of LBP and in the number of potential pathogens in the oropharyngeal microbiota.
Conclusion. The cycle use of ADPNa reduces the activity of endotoxinemia and normalizes the oropharyngeal microbiota.
Keywords: aminodi­hydrophthalasindione sodium (ADPNa), oropharyngeal microbiota, Galavit, immunomodulator, HIV infection
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About the Autors

Аnna N. Matuzkova, Infectiologist, Polyclinic Department, Southern District Center for AIDS Prevention and Control, Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; е-mail: matuzkova@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-3436
Prof. Natalia Yu. Pshenichnaya, MD; Head, International Department for Organization of Medical Care, National Research Medical Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: natalia-pshenichnaya@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-711X
Anna V. Aleshukina, MD, Senior Researcher; Head, Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology and Molecular Biological Studies, Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: niimicrodouble@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9797-2441
Antonina A. Ryndich, Cand. Med. Sci.; Head, Southern District Center for AIDS Prevention and Control, Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: hivrost@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9568-7794
Aleksandr G. Suladze, Cand. Med. Sci., Infectiologist, Southern District Center for AIDS Prevention and Control, Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: hivrost@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9051-1220
Tatiana I. Tverdokhlebova, MD, Associate Professor; Director, Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: niimicrodouble@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4280-6702
Andrey S. Zhuravlev, Student, “Medicine of the Future” Center for Innovative Educational Programs (CIEP), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; e-mail: Andrew0898@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9130-707
Prof. Denis V. Dontsov, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Infection Diseases, Rostov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; e-mail: d¬_dontcov@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4938-2962


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