Русский
Antibiotic resistance in the real practice of an infectiologist: Results of an investigation
Ivanova M.R., Khakunova M. Kh., Kablakhova N.O.
Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Nalchik, Russia
Materials and methods. 935 upper respiratory tract specimens from children and 312 ones from adults admitted to the Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, with acute respiratory diseases were analyzed. The EUCAST disk diffusion method (version 4.0, June 2014) was used to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility of microorganisms.
Results. The antibiotic susceptibility of St. aureus and St. epidermitidis, Streptococcus spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Neisseria spp, and Klebsiella pneumoniae was determined. There was the most pronounced resistance to antibiotics, primarily cephalosporins and macrolides, used for the hospital empirical therapy of acute respiratory infections. Cotrimoxazole may be currently used only to treat Pneumocystis pneumonia.
Conclusion. Antibiotic resistance is about 2-fold higher in children than in adults. It is worth refusing erythromycin, azithromycin, and oxacillin when treating scarlet fever. Only stratification in the use of antibiotics will be able to reduce the resistance.
Literature
1. Zajcev A.A. [The choice of antibiotic for treatment of respiratory tract infections]. Consilium provisorum 2010; (1): 16–7. (In Russ.). 2. Yakovlev S.V., Sidorenko S.V., Rafal’skij V.V., Spichak T.V. (eds.) [Strategy and tactics for the rational use of antimicrobial agents in ambulatory practice. Russian practical recommendations]. Moscow: Presto Рubl.; 2014. 121 p. (In Russ.). 3. Septimus E.J., Kuper K.M. Clinical challenges in addressing resistance to antimicrobial drugs in the twentyfirst century. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 2009; 86(3): 336–9. 4. Kozlov R.S., Golub A.V. [The strategy of using antimicrobial agents as an attempt of the Renaissance of antibiotics]. Klinicheskaya Mikrobiologiya i Antimikrobnaya Himioterapiya 2011; 13(4): 322–34. (In Russ.). 5. A letter to President Obama and Swedish Prime Minister Reinfeldt [letter]. http://www.idsociety.org/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=15752. 6. Suhorukova M.V., Skleenova E.Yu., Ivanchik N.V., Timohova A.V., Ejdel’shtejn M.V., Dekhnich A.V., Kozlov R.S., issledovatel’skaya gruppa ≪MARAFON≫. [Antibiotic resistance of nosocomial strains of Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals of Russia: results of multicenter epidemiological study ≪MARATHON≫ in 2011–2012]. Klinicheskaya Mikrobiologiya i Antimikrobnaya Himioterapiya 2014; 16(4): 280–6. (In Russ.). 7. Tian Y., Li T., Zhu Y., Wang B., Zou X., Li M. Mechanisms of linezolid resistance in staphylococci and enterococci isolated from two teaching hospitals in Shanghai, China. BMC Microbiol. 2014; 14(1): 292–5. 8. Козлова Л.В., Мизерницкий Ю.Л., Галкина Е.В. Наиболее распространённые врачебные ошибки при пневмониях у детей (в настоящее время). Антибактериальная терапия внебольничной пневмонии у детей. Рос. вест. перинатол. и педиатр. 2005; (3): 9–11. Kozlova L.V., Mizernickij Yu.L., Galkina E.V. [The most common medical errors in pneumonia in children (currently). Antibacterial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in children]. Rossiiskii Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii 2005; (3): 9–11. (In Russ.). 9. McClure N.S., Day T. Slowing evolution is more effective than enhancing drug development for managing resistance. http://arxiv.org/abs/1304.7715.
About the Autors
For correspondence: Marina R. Ivanova, e-mail: marina19692003@list.ru
Similar Articles
