Русский
Results of cognitive function screening in HIV-infected patients taking antiretroviral therapy
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2023.13.3.64-9
Belyaeva V.V., Sokolova E.V., Kozyrina N.V., Kuimova U.A., Kulabukhova E.I., Goliusova M.D., Kravchenko A.V.
1) Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; 2) Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Materials and methods. In 2022, 122 respondents living with HIV were interviewed. The age of the respondents ranged from 23 to 62 years, 10.7% of patients were over 50 years of age. 74.3% had higher and incomplete higher education. 52.5% of the respondents were not married, the proportion of those who were married was 27.5%. The majority of respondents were employed (92%). Life expectancy with HIV ranged from 1.5 months up to 23 years. 99.2% took ART from 3 weeks up to 21 years. Me CD4+-lymphocyte number at the time of the survey was 688 cells/µl, 98.4% had HIV RNA < 50 copies/ml. The test program included clock drawing test (assessed on a 3-point system), test for concentration and selectivity of attention (Munsterberg), 10 words memorizing test.
Results. Only 26.1% of the subjects completed the clock drawing test with 3 points, for 5.6% it was impossible to complete it. None of the subjects fully completed the Munsterberg test, that is, they did not indicate 23 correct words in 120 s (Me – 16). The results of the main proportion of the subjects were in the range from 10 to 20 (66.1%). Respondents who found low values of the completion rate of the clock drawing test (0–1 point) had the volume of correctly underlined words in the Munsterberg test by 3 points less than those who completed the clock drawing test by 3 points (p < 0.05). According to the results of the 10 words memorizing test, 83.3% of patients showed a high, and 16.7% – an medium level of memorization. The results of the study showed the absence of a significant deficit in auditory-speech memory, as well as the preservation of the volume of dynamic attention in patients included in the study. The most significant deficiency was found during the clock drawing test, which may indicate a problem with the optical-spatial activity of the subjects.
Conclusion. It is advisable to include a dynamic cognitive function screening in a planned follow-up visit for patients living with HIV. It is recommended to use tests that are simple, quick to use and interpret, in particular the clock drawing test. Consultation with a neurologist is indicated for all patients with detected cognitive deficits during screening, and the consultative work of an infectious disease specialist with such patients should be based on the identified cognitive deficits.
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About the Autors
Valentina V. Belyaeva, МD, Leading Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; labora-et-ora@yandex.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4621-7892
Ekaterina V. Sokolova, Cand. Med. Sci., Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; ekaterinasokolova007@rambler.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2001-8772
Nadezhda V. Kozyrina, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; nad-kozyrina@yandex.ru; htpp://orcid.org/0000-0001-5134-0054
Ulyana A. Kuimova, Cand. Med. Sci., Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; ulyanakuimova@gmail.com; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1101-151X
Ekaterina I. Kulabukhova, Cand. Med. Sci., Infectious Disease Specialist, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being; Teaching Assistant, Department of Infectious Diseases with Courses in Epidemiology and Phthisiology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University, Moscow, Russia; ekulabukhova@mail.ru; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3645-7275
Marina D. Goliusova, Infectious Diseases Specialist, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; mad2501@yandex.ru; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-5325-6857
Professor Alexey V. Kravchenko, МD, Leader Researcher, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; alexey-kravtchenko@yandex.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7857-3763
Вклад авторов. Беляева В.В. – разработка и апробация анкет, анализ результатов, написание статьи; Соколова Е.В. – разработка анкет, формирование базы данных, статистическая обработка и анализ результатов; Козырина Н.В., Кулабухова Е.И. – разработка анкет, проведение анкетирования, анализ результатов; Куимова У.А., Голиусова М.Д – разработка анкет, проведение анкетирования; Кравченко А.В. – проведение анкетирования, согласование статьи.
Authors contributions. Belyaeva V.V. – development and testing of questionnaires, analysis of the results, writing an article; Sokolova E.V. – development of questionnaires, creation of database, statistical processing and analysis of the results; Kozyrina N.V., Kulabukhova E.I. – development of questionnaires, conducting a survey, analysis of the results; Kuimova U.A., Goliusova M.D. – development of questionnaires, conducting a survey; Kravchenko A.V. – conducting a survey, coordinating the article.
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