The level and structure of mortality in meningococcal infection in the Russian Federation


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2021.11.1.6-11

Koroleva M.A., Gritsay M.I., Koroleva I.S.

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia
Objective. To characterize the structure of patients with generalized meningococcal infection (GMI) in the Russian Federation and to determine the rate of death depending on a number of factors.
Materials and methods. Data on GMI cases over 2016–2019 were analyzed using Reporting Form No. 1 annually transferred from the Directorates for the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, to the Reference Center for Monitoring Bacterial Meningitis. The investigation included 2961 patients with a definitive diagnosis of GMI.
Results. The lethal index was 18.4%. Every five children under 5 years of age and every three patients older than 65 years died. Children who had not attended preschools (disorganized children) (21.1%) were statistically significantly more likely to die from GMI than organized ones (12.9%). The chance of death in rural residents (21.5%) was 1.3 times higher than that in urban ones (17.6%). The mortality rate for meningococcemia was 29.5%, which turned out to be higher than that for meningococcal meningitis (9.4%). Meningococcal serogroups B, C, W, and Y were equally responsible for high mortality rates; whereas this indicator for GMI caused by serogroup A was statistically significantly lower (10.9%).
Conclusion. It is advisable to consider whether the National Calendar of Preventive Vaccinations may include scheduled meningococcal vaccination in children and whether the Calendar of Vaccinations may expand the list of groups of citizens to be mandatorily vaccinated for epidemic indications in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological rules of СП 3.1.3542-18 «Prevention of Meningococcal Infection». It is promising to study the molecular and biological properties of serogroup B meningococcal strains circulating in the country, which will show the extent to which Russian serogroup B meningococcal strains are covered by the existing meningococcal vaccines.
Keywords: meningitis, meningococcemia, meningococcal infection, vaccination, mortality
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About the Autors

Maria А. Koroleva, Cand. Med. Sci., Senior Researcher, Laboratory for Epidemiology of Meningococcal Infection and Purulent Bacterial Meningitis, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; korolevamaria389@mail.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2714-1191
Maria I. Gritsay, Graduate Student, Laboratory for Epidemiology of Meningococcal Infection and Purulent Bacterial Meningitis, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; maria-griz@mail.ru
Irina S. Koroleva, MD, Head, Laboratory for Epidemiology of Meningococcal Infection and Purulent Bacterial Meningitis, Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Moscow, Russia; irina-korol@yandex.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-146X


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