Objective. To assess the effectiveness of varicella vaccination in the Russian Federation in general and in Moscow in particular, a retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of this infection during the pre-vaccination period (from 2006 to 2012) and after the start of vaccination (2013–2017) was carried out.
Materials and methods. The data of Form of Federal Statistical Monitoring № 2 «Information about infectious and parasitic diseases» and Form of Federal Statistical Monitoring № 5 «Information about preventive vaccinations» were examined.
Results. Planned varicella vaccination of children before enrolling in preschool educational organizations, which is held in Moscow in accordance with the regional immunization schedule, helps to reduce morbidity and more effectively affects the epidemic process of varicella than vaccination of risk groups carried out within the national immunization schedule for epidemic indications. It was found that vaccination with incomplete coverage of children aged 3–6 years in Moscow led to a decrease in the varicella incidence among children 3–14 years old, did not affect the incidence rates in adolescents and led to an increase in the incidence in adults with a tendency to increase the incidence of children under 1 year of age.
Conclusion. In order to assess the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis of varicella in the Russian Federation, it was proposed to organize monitoring and provide vaccination coverage of different age groups in population.

Keywords: vaccine prophylaxis of varicella, varicella