A new era in the evolution of infectious diseases


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2018.4.6-16

Shkarin V.V., Kovalishena O.V.

Privolzhsky Research Medial University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
The paper considers the current stage of evolution of infectious diseases (IDs), which is defined as a concurrence of IDs. It reviews scientific publications demonstrating the transition from ideas on the monoetiology of infections to a paradigm of their polyetiology. There are scientific data on the significance of mixed infections and their clinical, epidemiological, and etiological characteristics. Definitions of infectious and epidemic processes in mixed IDs are given. The problematic issues of epidemiological surveillance and prevention of mixed infections are identified.
Keywords: evolution of infectious diseases, polyetiology of infectious disease, mixed infections
Read entire article

Literature

  1. Briko N.I. [Paradigm of modern epidemiology]. Epidemiologiya i vaktsinoprofilaktika 2013; (6): 4–10. (In Russ.).
  2. Briko N.I., Pokrovskiy V.I. [Globalization and the epidemic process]. Epidemiologiya I infektsionnyye bolezni 2010; (4): 4–10. (In Russ.).
  3. Mindlina A.Ya., Briko N.I., Polibin R.V. [The universality of changes in the manifestations of the epidemic process of anthroponotic infections in recent decades]. Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii 2015; (5): 12–20. (In Russ.).
  4. Lobzin Yu.V. [The doctrine of infectious diseases: past, present, future. Assembly speech on the day of the 214th anniversary of the Academy]. Zhurnal infektologii 2013; 5(3): 9–25. (In Russ.).
  5. Shkarin V.V., Blagonravova A.S. [Epidemiological features of combined infections]. Nizhny Novgorod: NGMA Publ., 2017. 400 p. (In Russ.).
  6. Rudenko A.A., Muravskaya L.V., Berestovaya T.G., Diachenko P.A., Parkhomets B.A., Andreyeva E.P., Sidorova Zh.P., Kruglikov P.V. [Features of the clinic and treatment of lesions of the nervous system caused by human herpes viruses type 6 and 7]. Zhurnal infektologii 2010; 2(4): 103–4. (In Russ.).
  7. Volchkova E.V., Lunchenkov N.Yu., Kanshina N.N. [Risk factors for reactivation of Toxoplasma infection in patients with HIV infection]. Meždunarodnyj naučno-issledovatel’skij žurnal 2014; (8): 34–6. (In Russ.).
  8. Dolgikh T.I., Drozdov V.N., Noskova F.V., Drozdova S.G. [Diagnosis and monitoring of toxoplasmosis in children in Omsk Region]. Epidemiologiya i infektsionnyye bolezni 2006; (5): 12–8. (In Russ.).
  9. WHO. The top 10 causes of death. Fact sheet № 310. May, 2011.
  10. Pasechnik O.A., Stasenko V.L., Blokh A.I. [Epidemiological manifestations of tuberculosis infection in the regions of Siberia with different HIV prevalence]. Epidemiologiya i vaktsinoprofilaktika 2015; 14(5): 31–5. (In Russ.).
  11. Tsybikova E.B., Sabgayda T.P. [Epidemiology of tuberculosis associated with HIV infection]. Zdravookhraneniye Rossiyskoy Federatsii 2012; (6): 7–11. (In Russ.).
  12. Nazarov V.Yu., Nechayev V.V., Ivanov A.K., Pozhidayeva L.N., Solomay T.V., Sakra A.M. [Viral hepatitis and tuberculosis as co-infection. From past to present and future]. Zhurnal infektologii 2013; 5(2): 90–5. (In Russ.).
  13. Yakovlev A.A., Savilov E.D. [Problematic issues of general epidemiology]. Novosibirsk, 2015. 251 p. Available at: https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/ 01008100443 (In Russ.).
  14. Zhebrun A.B., Kalinina O.V. [Viral hepatitis C: the evolution of the epidemic process, the evolution of the virus]. Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii 2016; (1): 102–12. (In Russ.).
  15. Gorbakov V.V., Khazanov A.N., Blokhina N.P. [Natural course of combined hepatitis B and C]. Gepatologiya 2003; (1): 21–3. (In Russ.).
  16. Kosagovskaya P.P., Volchkova E.V. [Medical and social aspects of viral hepatitis with parenteral transmission]. Epidemiologiya i infektsionnyye bolezni 2013; (1): 28–9. (In Russ.).
  17. Beniova S.N., Gordeyets A.V., Malashenkova V.G., Sedulina O.F. [The clinical features of Yersinia extincti in children]. Epidemiologiya i infektsionnyye bolezni 2003; (1): 37–40. (In Russ.).
  18. Yakovlev A.A., Ivanova E.N., Kotlyarova E.V., Karnaukhov E.V., Gorbova I.V. [Mono- and co-infected with viruses forms of salmonellosis in adults]. Zhurnal infektologii 2013; 5(3): 13–8. (In Russ.).
  19. Maleev V.V., Gorelov A.V., Usenko D.V., Kuleshov K.V. [Actual problems, results and prospects of studying acute intestinal infections]. Èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni. Аktual’nye voprosy 2014; (1): 4–8. (In Russ.).
  20. Gallay А., De Valk H., Cournot M., Ladeuil B., Hemery C., Castor C. et al. A large multi-pathogen waterborne community outbreak linked to faecal contamination of a groundwater system, France, 2000. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 2006; 12(6): 561–70.
  21. Popova O.P. [Features of the combined course of pertussis and acute respiratory viral infections in children]. Detskiye infektsii 2011; (3): 18–20. (In Russ.).
  22. Abramova N.A., Savenkova M.S., Abramov A.D. [Role of intrafamily infection in frequently ill children]. Detskiye infektsii 2014; (1): 52–8. (In Russ.).
  23. Kharlamova F.S., Kladova O.V., Uchaykin V.F., Cheshik S.G., Vartanyan R.V., Yablonskaya K.P. [Metapneumovirus and bocavirus respiratory infections in the structure of SARS in children]. Detskiye infektsii 2015; (2): 5–11. (In Russ.).
  24. Tarasova L.A., Denisova T.N., Kabanova N.P. [The incidence of parasitic infestations of children in the Samara Region]. Detskiye infektsii 2012; (2): 61–4. (In Russ.).
  25. Gurbanova E.V. [Microbiocenosis of intestine and characteristics of immune response in children with parasitosis]. Detskiye infektsii 2010; 9(2): 34–7. (In Russ.).
  26. Kucherya T.V. [Helminthiasis in children – possible symbiosis]. Eksperimentalnaya i klinicheskaya gastroenterologiya 2010; (1): 76–9. (In Russ.).
  27. Miropolskaya N.Yu., Ivanova I.B., Molochnyy V.P., Trotsenko O.E. [Etiology and prevalence of helminthiasis in children of Khabarovsk Krai]. Dalnevostochnyy meditsinskiy zhurnal 2014; (4): 26–30. (In Russ.).
  28. Minbaeva G.A., Toygombayeva V.S. [Cause-and-effect analysis of infant mortality and connection with Toxoplasma infection in Bishkek]. Meditsinskaya parazitologiya i parazitarnyye bolezni 2016; (3): 6–10. (In Russ.).
  29. Konopleva T.N. [Persistent viral infections and factors contributing to their activation in women with recurrent miscarriage]. Akusherstvo i ginekologiya 2006; (5): 17–20. (In Russ.).
  30. Utkin E.V., Kulavskiy V.A. [The main causes of development and current trends in the clinical course of inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs in women]. Rossiyskiy vestnik akushera-ginekologa 2008; (1): 40–4. (In Russ.).
  31. Vikulov G.Kh. [Human herpesvirus infections in the new Millennium: classification, epidemiology and medical and social significance]. Èpidemiologiâi infekcionnye bolezni. Аktual’nye voprosy 2014; (3): 35–40. (In Russ.).
  32. Lobzin Yu. V., Vasilyev V.V., Skripchenko N.V., Ivanova V.V., Babachenko I.V.. Tekhova I.G. [Actual aspects of congenital infections in Russia]. Zhurnal infektologii 2010; 2(2): 14–24. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.22625/2072-6732-2010-2-2-14-24 (In Russ.).
  33. Kochkina S.S., Sitnikova E.P. [Cytomegalovirus infection in children]. Detskiye infektsii 2016; 15(1): 39–44. (In Russ.).
  34. Yurasov V.V., Filatov A.I., Filippenkova E.I. [Case of diagnosis of fungal sepsis and cytomegalovirus infection on the background of HIV infection in forensic medical practice]. Problemy ekspertizy v meditsine 2012; (124): 53–4. (In Russ.).
  35. Arvanitis M., Mylonakis Е. Characteristics, clinical relevance, and the role of Echinocandins in fungal-bacterial interactions. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2015; (61): 630–4.
  36. Barbedo L. S., Vaz С., Pais С., Figueiredo-Carvalho M.H., Muniz M.D., Zancope-Oliveira R.M., Sampaio P. Different scenarios for Candida parapsilosis fungaemia reveal high numbers of mixed C. parapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis infections. J. Med. Microbiology 2015; (64): 7–17.
  37. Tati S., Davidow Р., McCall, Hwang-Wong E., Rojas I.G., Cormack B., Edgerton M. Candida glabrata binding to Candida albicans hyphae enables its development in oropharyngeal candidiasis. PLoS Pathogens 2016; 12(3): e1005522. DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw018
  38. Utenkova E.O. [Outcomes of ixodic tick-borne borreliosis]. Èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni. Аktual’nye voprosy 2013; (1): 31–5. (In Russ.).
  39. Aitov K.A., Medvedeva N.Yu., Borisov V.A., Tuvakov M.K. [Characteristics of mixed forms of natural focal vector-borne infections transmitted by ticks in the Baikal Region]. Zhurnal infektologii 2010; 2 (4): 42–3. (In Russ.).
  40. Malova I.A. [Matapalo and bocavirus of efekcie in children (according to the hospital medical-sanitary unit №. 59, Penza oblast, Zarechny)]. Infektsionnyye bolezni 2016; (6): 54–8. (In Russ.).
  41. Nikolaeva S.V., Zvereva Z.A., Kanner E.V., Yatsyshina S.B., Gorelov A.V. [Coronavirus infection in children: clinical and laboratory features]. Èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni. Аktual’nye voprosy 2017; (6): 11–5. (In Russ.).
  42. Ploskireva A.A. [Rotavirus infection in children: epidemiological and clinical aspects at the present stage]. Èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni. Аktual’nye voprosy 2017; (6): 5–10. (In Russ.).
  43. Chene А., Donati D., Orem J., Mbidde E.R., Kironde F., Wahlgren M., Bejarano M.T. Endemic Burkitt’s lymphoma as a polymicrobial disease: new insights on the interaction between Plasmodium falciparum and Epstein–Barr virus. Semin. Cancer Biol. 2009; (19): 411–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2009.10.002.
  44. Grinev A.B. [Co-infection: tropical malaria and Burkitt lymphoma]. Meditsinskaya parazitologiya i parazitarnyye bolezni 2012; (2): 47–9. (In Russ.).
  45. Donati D., Espmark E., Kironde F. Clearance of circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA in children with acute malaria after antimalaria treatment. J. Infect. Dis. 2006; 193: 971–7.
  46. Nacher М., Singhasivanon P., Traore B., Dejvorakul S., Phumratanaprapi W., Looareesuwan S., Gay F. Short report: hookworm infection is associated with decreased body temperature during mild Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2001; (65): 136–7.
  47. Birhanie M., Tessema B., Ferede G., Mengistu E., Bamlaku E. Malaria, typhoid fever, and their coinfection among febrile patients at a rural health center in Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Advances in Medicine. 2014, Article ID 531074, 8 p. DOI: 10.1155/2014/531074
  48. Savilov E.D., Kolesnikov S.N., Briko N.I. [Comorbidity in epidemiology – a new trend in public health research]. Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii 2016; (4): 66–75. (In Russ.).
  49. Larin F.N., Zhukova L.I., Lebedev V.V., Rafeyenko S.K. [Interfering interaction of viruses in the regulation of the epidemic process]. Еpidemiologiуа i infekcionnye bolezni 2012; (1): 25–9. (In Russ.).
  50. Bogomolov B.P., Sorokina A.A., Koroleva M.A. [Syphilis in a patient with a primary diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus and herpetic infection]. Klinicheskaya meditsina 2014; (2): 71–3. (In Russ.).
  51. Richie T.L. Interactions between malaria parasites infecting the same vertebrate host. Parasitology 1988; 96(Pt. 3): 607–39.

For citations: Shkarin V.V., Kovalishena O.V. A new era in the evolution of infectious diseases. Èpidemiologiâ i infekcionnye bolezni. Аktual’nye voprosy 2018; (4): 6–16 (In Russ.).


About the Autors

Olga V. Kovalishеna, MD; Associate Professor, Head, Department of Еpidemiology, Microbiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; е-mail: kovalishena@mail.ru; ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-547X
Prof. Vyacheslav V. Shkarin, MD; Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Consulting Professor, Department of Еpidemiology, Microbiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; е-mail: nnsma@list.ru; Scopus Author ID: 7004635865


Similar Articles

Back to Content

Бионика Медиа