Clinical and epidemiological features of meningococcal infection


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2020.10.1.48-54

Daminov T.A., Tuychiev L.N., Tadjieva N.U., Murtazaeva Z.B., Kurbanov B.D., Kurbanova G.Sh., Magzumov H.B.

1) Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; 2) Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; 3) Agency for Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; 4) City Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital One, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
Objective. To study the clinical and epidemiological features of meningococcal infection (MI) in patients in Uzbekistan.
Subjects and methods. The paper presents the results of a prospective study of epidemiological and clinical and laboratory data in 118 patients with generalized MI (GMI) treated in the Tashkent City Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital One during the rise of the MI epidemic in Tashkent in January–May 2019. The patients’ age was 6 months to 65 years.
Results. The epidemiological situation of MI in Uzbekistan is characterized by the signs of an interepidemic period; the proportion of patients aged 7–14 (17.9%) and 20–29 (39.8%) years was high in the age structure. The main causative agent in the laboratory-confirmed cases of the disease was Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (99.1%), while in the previous years the cases of the disease were caused by N. meningitidis serogroup W135. The characteristic hemorrhagic rash in the presence of persistent hyperthermia, which appeared only on 3–4 days of the disease, was a clinical feature of GMI, which significantly makes its timely diagnosis difficult. Convalescents who had experienced a combined form of MI and pure meningitis developed complications, such as sensorineural hearing loss (3.3%), residual encephalopathy (11.8%), and deep necroses with scarring at the site of rashes (0.8%).
Conclusion. The current epidemic situation and the clinical course of GMI in the Republic of Uzbekistan require decisive preventive measures. Today, specific prevention is one of the most relevant areas in reducing the incidence of MI and death among children and adults.
Keywords: meningitis, meningococcemia, meningococcal infection, vaccination
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About the Autors

Prof. Turgunpulat А. Daminov, MD, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Republic of Uzbekistan; Professor, Department of Infectious and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; е-mail: dr.daminov@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6519-7305
Laziz N. Tuychiev, MD, Head, Department of Infectious and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Rector, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; е-mail: l.tuychiev@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2312-8640
Nigora U. Tadjieva, MD; Associate Professor, Department of Infectious and Pediatric Infectious Diseases; Tashkent Medical Academy; Leading Researcher, Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; е-mail: nigora1973@list.ru, nigoratadjieva.1773@gmail.com; ORCID: https://orcid. org/0000-0001-8739-6252
Ziyoda B. Murtazaeva, Resident Doctor, Clinic of the Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology, and Infectious Diseases, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; е-mail: ziyodaxon1984@mail.ru
Botir D. Kurbanov, Cand. Med. Sci.; Deputy Director, Agency for Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; e-mail: beksardor1@ rambler.ru
Gulnosa Sh. Kurbanova, Principal Physician, City Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital One, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; gor.inf_1@minzdrav.uz
Hamidullo В. Magzumov, Cand. Med. Sci., Associate Professor, Department of Infectious and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan; е-mail:  info@tma.uz, tta2005@mail.ru


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