Use of GIS technologies to analyze the spread of enteroviral infection in the urban environment


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/epidem.2022.12.1.76-80

Ayugin N.I., Zarva I.D., Gavrilova T.A., Khakimova M.I., Botvinkin A.D.

1) Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia; 2) Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute of Siberia and the Far East, Irkutsk, Russia; 3) Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Directorate for the Irkutsk Region, Irkutsk, Russia; 4) Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Irkutsk Region, Irkutsk, Russia
Large epidemic outbreaks of enterovirus infections (EVIs) are periodically recorded among children in urban settlements.
Objective. To use geoinformation technologies to test the hypothesis about the important role of contacts between children in the spread of EVIs during the years of rising incidence in an urban environment.
Materials and methods. The investigators conducted a descriptive epidemiological study using geographic information systems (GIS) according to the cases registration data in Irkutsk in 2019 (n = 214). EVIs were mapped according to the geographical coordinates of the addresses of cases registration using the QGIS 2.18 program. Natural Earth and OpenStreetMap resources were used to build a map. The distribution of cases was compared with the location of preschools and schools.
Results. During the period of the seasonal increase in the incidence, there was a local rise in the number of EVI cases in the quarters of high-rise and mid-rise buildings. The risk of multiple EVI cases in the areas of educational establishments was higher: the odds ratio (OR) = 16.6 (4.8–58) for areas with preschools and 2.5 (0.9–6.9) for those with schools. A statistically significant association of areas with an increased density of registration of EVI cases with the localization of preschools and schools on the city map.
Conclusion. The spatial and temporal features of distribution of EVI incidence confirm the important role of contacts between children in the spread of EVI in the urban environment.

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About the Autors


Nikita I. Ayugin, Epidemiological Resident, Irkutsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Feral Viral Infections; Irkutsk Anti-Plague Research Institute of Siberia and the Far East, Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Irkutsk, Russia; rhasta911@gmail.com; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8548-3595
Ivan D. Zarva, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Epidemiology, Irkutsk State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Irkutsk, Russia; ivan_zarva@mail.ru; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-5998
Tatiana A. Gavrilova, Deputy Head, Department of Surveillance; Russian Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being Directorate for the Irkutsk Region, Irkutsk, Russia; gtairkutsk@yandex.ru
Maryana I. Khakimova, Head, Epidemiology Department, Irkutsk Regional Center for Epidemiology and Hygiene, Irkutsk, Russia; epid@sesoirk.irkutsk.ru
Professor Alexander D. Botvinkin. МD, Head, Epidemiology Department, Irkutsk State Medical University, Irkutsk, Russia;  botvinkin_ismu@mail.ru; http://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-0920-1330


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